Organic Weed Control:The triploid white amur
When it comes to weed and plant control most people head straight for the chemical isle at the local farm supply store. True, copper sulfate and specialized herbicides will help and may control algae, vegitation, and invasive species. Sometimes they are downright necesary. But what about us who prefer to use more organic means to control vegetation?
Enter the Triploid White Amur(Ctenptharydgodon idella).
The Triploid White Amur is sterile, so it won't overrun your pond!
This grass carp originates from the rivers in eastern asia where it is used for weed control and food. It recieved its name from the Amur River nested between China and Mongolia. This fish has long been feared to be an invasive species due to the fact that they can lay up to a million eggs per spawn. It grows around 10″ a year and has been known to grow up to 35 lbs and 4 feet long. So how do you control such a monster?
Now enter science. Most animals are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. The triploid part of the name refers to a process where the eggs are sterilized by pressure or temperature shock. This causes a third chromosome and renders the fish incapable of reproduction. States require that these fish then be tested to guarantee that the fish is sterile. This is done with a simple blood test. Most states require the seller to be liscensed and the buyer to keep a record of the purchase. They are not available in all states.
This herbivorous fish has been used for centuries as inexpensive weed control. It is not the fastest method of control, but after a few years you should see the benefits.  If stocked correctly (10-20 fish per vegitated acre) the amurs can control most aquatic vegetation. While it prefers certain plants, the amur will eat nearly anything in the pond that it can suck from the mud. They will not generaly eat cat tails or water lilies leaving bird habitats lily ponds well alone. However, if they are overstocked they can strip a pond of all its foilage. They will not disturb or eat other fish, but should be stocked at 8-10″ so they do not become prey for predetory fish such as largemouth bass. Amurs prefer moving water to the still water of a pond so if you have a inflow, outflow, or spillway you may have to screen them to prevent the fish from escaping. They can be purchased at most fish hatcheries for nine to fifteen dollars a piece making them one of the most cost effective ways to combat algae and out of control vegetation. For more information ask your local hatchery or contact your local Department of Natural Resources.
If given the time and proper attention the amurs are a great weapon in your arsenal for a healthy pond.
Posted: January 21st, 2009 under Water Quality.
Tags: aquatic life, pond health, weed control
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